Nichols to NCLB: Local and Global Perspectives on U.S. Language Education Policy

　　Speaker: Prof. Nancy H. Hornberger

　　In this anniversary year of landmark U.S. Supreme Court decisions affirming the right to equal educational opportunity for all children irrespective of race or language origin, it behooves us to take a look at how well we are fulfilling those mandates. 2004 marks 50 years since the Brown v. Board of Education ruling against racial segregation of students in public schools and 30 years since the Lau v. Nichols decision rejected the notion that equal provision necessarily equates to equal educational opportunity for English speaking and non-English speaking students alike. Asserting that there is no greater inequality than the equal treatment of unequals, the Court required that affirmative steps be taken to provide non-English speaking students the education they are entitled to. This paper takes a historical and comparative look at U.S. language education policy at the federal level, from that 1974 Lau v. Nichols decision up to the 2001 No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act, with particular attention to the degree to which federal policy leaves ideological and implementational space for imagining multilingual schools. Drawing on ethnographic work locally in one urban school district and globally in a range of multilingual contexts, I attempt to understand both what is happening and what could happen to promote and build on the multilingual resources present in U.S. schools.

　　Nancy H. Hornberger is full professor at Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania.

　　时间：2007年6月19日（周二）下午2：00－4：00

　　地点：北京大学电教楼207

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　　从尼考尔斯诉讼案到“不让一个孩子掉队”：以本地和全球角度审视美国语言教育政策

　　Nancy H. Hornberger 教授

　　（美国宾夕法比亚大学 教育学院 ）

　　1974年, 美国最高法院在“刘诉尼考尔斯(Lau v.Nichols)”案的判决中认为，对英语学生和非英语学生提供所谓看似同等的教育，实际上并不能为他们带来平等教育的机会；判决要求采取平权步骤（affirmative steps），提供专门语言项目，使非英语的孩子享受到应得的教育。此讲座以历史和比较的眼光，从1974年“刘诉尼考尔斯”案到2001年“不让一个孩子掉队(NCLB)”议案的时间跨度, 来看美国联邦政府级的语言教育政策，特别关注于联邦政府的政策对展望多语言学校所带来的意识形态上和实施上的空间。霍恩伯格教授将从一个本地城市学区和全球范围内的多语背景的两个不同视角，来理解当今美国学校在倡导和构建多语资源方面工作的现状和未来。

　　Nancy H. Hornberger 教授,美国宾夕法比亚大学教育学院格尔蒂·安纳教育教授，教育语言学博士项目主任。本科毕业于哈佛大学，后获得纽约大学教育学硕士学位、威斯康星大学麦迪逊校区教育政策研究博士学位。自1985年以来，她任教于宾夕法尼亚大学教育学院，现为该院资深教授。她是国际知名的社会语言学和教育语言学专家，其在语言教育政策、双语教育、少数民族语言教育、语言教学、教育学的田野调查研究等领域内的研究广为人知。